Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya Al Razi

Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya Al Razi Cover Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi, known as Al-Razi, as Ar-Razi, as Ibn Zakaria (Zakariya) or (in Latin) as Rhazes and Rasis, (8641-930 AD) was an Iranian polymath who contributed much to the fields of medicine and chemistry. He was also significant in the field of philosophy. He was born in Rayy (Rages) (actually, in Persian language Razi means from the city of Ray), an ancient city located near Tehran, Iran, and pursued a great amount of his research there. Note that Avicenna also lived in Ray for a period of time. Razi was placed in-charge of the first Royal Hospital at Ray, from where he soon moved to a similar position in Baghdad where he remained the head of its famous Muqtadari Hospital and observed clinical cases. Today his name is commemorated in the Razi Institute near Tehran. Razi was a Hakim, an alchemist and a philosopher. Before becoming a physician Razi was interested in music, he was well versed in the musical theory and is said to have been an exceptional performer. He is considered one of the greatest alchemist of all time and his work remained in use for over 10 centuries. Inter alia he discovered alcohol, the use of alcohol in medicine, and he also discovered Sulfuric acid. Many also claim that he was the first to say that the world is round, but this was known much earlier, e.g. see Ptolemy. Razi wrote 184 books and articles, in several fields of science. His books and Articles are named by Ibn Abi Asi'boed. Ibn an-Nadim identifies five areas in which Razi distinguished himself: 1. Razi was recognized as the best physician of his time who had fully absorbed Greek medical learning. 2. He traveled in many lands. His repeated visits to Baghdad and his services to many princes and rulers are known from many sources. 3. He was a medical educator who attracted many students, both beginners and advanced. 4. He was compassionate, kind, upright, and devoted to the service of his patients whether rich or poor. 5. He was a prolific reader and writer and authored many books.

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Alchemical Doctrine

Alchemical Doctrine Cover The soul is enchained in matter and is to be freed. Science as traditionally expounded in the schools was unable to liberate it. Only gnosis, the knowledge of God, could accomplish the task, and to convey gnosis, alchemy transformed itself into an esoteric religion. The beliefs were fantastic: visions, the chemical apparatus as a temple, the Alchemical operation as a sacrificial act, mental baptism in the Hermetic vessel called the krat?er, and the ascension to God by means of a mystic ladder that transports the soul from the discord and Suffering below to the divine order above. The doctrines of alchemy as a religion echoed the Principles of alchemy as a science. These were essentially three: primal matter, sympathy, and transmutation.

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The Mirror Of Alchemy

The Mirror Of Alchemy Cover

Book: The Mirror Of Alchemy by Roger Bacon

The Mirror of Alchemy, composed by the famous Friar, Roger Bacon, sometime fellow of Martin College and Brasen-nase College in Oxenforde. In many ancient Books there are found many definitions of this Art, the intentions whereof we must consider in this Chapter. For Hermes said of this Science: Alchemy is a Corporal Science simply composed of one and by one, naturally conjoining things more precious, by Knowledge and effect, and converting them by a natural commixtion into a better kind. A certain other said: Alchemy is a Science, teaching how to transform any kind of metal into another: and that by a proper medicine, as it appeared by many Philosophers' Books. Alchemy therefore is a science teaching how to make and compound a certain medicine, which is called Elixir, the which when it is cast upon metals or imperfect bodies, does fully Perfect them in the very projection.

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